Amalia, J., Tambunan, S., Purba, S. and Simanjuntak, W. (2025) “Enhancing Hate Speech Detection: Leveraging Emoji Preprocessing with BI-LSTM Model”, Journal of Information Systems and Informatics, 7(2), pp. 1799-1813. doi: 10.51519/journalisi.v7i2.1147.